1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.3 Period Number
3.2 Block
3.3 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
3.4 CAS Number
74406227439987
7429905
54386242
3.6 Space Group Name
3.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
- Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
- Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
- Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
2.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Andrés Manuel del Río
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-4 %5 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
2.6.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.00004 %~0.0000009 %
1E-08
0.1
2.10.3 Abundance In Meteorites
3.5.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.4.3 Abundance In Oceans
4.4.6 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
-
Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
- Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
- Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
5.1.3 Other Uses
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
5.3.4 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.70 p.p.m.
0
170000
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
1,890.00 °C2,617.00 °C
27
3410
6.2 Boiling Point
3,380.00 °C4,612.00 °C
147
5660
6.3 Appearance
6.3.1 Physical State
6.3.2 Color
6.3.3 Luster
6.4 Hardness
6.4.1 Mohs Hardness
7.2.5 Brinell Hardness
600.00 MPa1,370.00 MPa
0.14
3490
7.2.8 Vickers Hardness
628.00 MPa1,400.00 MPa
121
3430
8.2 Speed of Sound
4,560.00 m/s5,400.00 m/s
818
16200
8.4 Optical Properties
8.4.1 Refractive Index
8.4.3 Reflectivity
8.7 Allotropes
8.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.3 Electronegativity
9.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
9.3.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
9.4.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
9.5.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.5.6 Allen Electronegativity
10.3 Electropositivity
10.3.1 Pauling Electropositivity
10.5 Ionization Energies
10.5.1 1st Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol684.30 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
10.5.5 2nd Energy Level
1,414.00 kJ/mol1,560.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
10.5.7 3rd Energy Level
2,830.00 kJ/mol2,618.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
10.5.10 4th Energy Level
4,507.00 kJ/mol4,480.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
10.5.14 5th Energy Level
6,298.70 kJ/mol5,257.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
10.5.17 6th Energy Level
12,363.00 kJ/mol6,640.80 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
10.6.2 7th Energy level
14,530.00 kJ/mol12,125.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
10.7.3 8th Energy Level
16,730.00 kJ/mol13,860.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
10.8.1 9th Energy Level
19,860.00 kJ/mol15,835.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
10.8.3 10th Energy Level
22,240.00 kJ/mol17,980.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
10.9.2 11th Energy Level
24,670.00 kJ/mol20,190.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
11.1.1 12th Energy Level
29,730.00 kJ/mol22,219.00 kJ/mol
22219
189368
11.3.1 13th Energy Level
32,446.00 kJ/mol26,930.00 kJ/mol
26930
76015
11.4.3 14th Energy Level
86,450.00 kJ/mol29,196.00 kJ/mol
29196
86450
11.4.6 15th Energy Level
94,170.00 kJ/mol52,490.00 kJ/mol
41987
97510
11.4.8 16th Energy Level
102,300.00 kJ/mol55,000.00 kJ/mol
47206
109480
11.4.10 17th Energy Level
112,700.00 kJ/mol61,400.00 kJ/mol
52737
122200
11.5.2 18th Energy Level
121,600.00 kJ/mol67,700.00 kJ/mol
58570
134810
11.5.5 19th Energy Level
130,700.00 kJ/mol74,000.00 kJ/mol
64702
148700
11.5.7 20th Energy Level
143,400.00 kJ/mol80,400.00 kJ/mol
80400
171200
11.5.9 21st Energy Level
151,440.00 kJ/mol87,000.00 kJ/mol
87000
179100
11.5.11 22nd Energy Level
NA93,400.00 kJ/mol
93400
184900
11.6.1 23rd Energy Level
NA98,420.00 kJ/mol
98420
198800
11.6.2 24th Energy Level
NA104,400.00 kJ/mol
104400
195200
11.6.4 25th Energy Level
NA121,900.00 kJ/mol
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121900
121900
11.7.1 26th Energy Level
NA127,700.00 kJ/mol
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127700
127700
11.7.2 27th Energy Level
NA133,800.00 kJ/mol
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133800
133800
11.7.3 28th Energy Level
NA139,800.00 kJ/mol
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139800
139800
11.7.5 29th Energy Level
NA148,100.00 kJ/mol
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148100
148100
11.7.6 30th Energy Level
NA154,500.00 kJ/mol
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154500
154500
11.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.38 g/amp-hr0.89 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
11.11 Electron Work Function
11.13 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
12 Atomic
12.1 Atomic Number
12.4 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
[Kr] 4d5 5s1
12.5 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
13.1.2 Crystal Lattice
13.2 Atom
13.2.1 Number of Protons
13.2.3 Number of Neutrons
13.2.7 Number of Electrons
13.5 Radius of an Atom
13.5.1 Atomic Radius
134.00 pm139.00 pm
112
265
13.6.2 Covalent Radius
153.00 pm154.00 pm
96
260
13.6.5 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm200.00 pm
139
348
13.7 Atomic Weight
50.94 amu95.95 amu
6.94
294
13.9 Atomic Volume
8.78 cm3/mol9.40 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
13.11 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
13.11.1 Previous Element
13.11.2 Next Element
13.12 Valence Electron Potential
120.00 (-eV)88.60 (-eV)
8
392.42
13.14 Lattice Constant
303.00 pm314.70 pm
228.58
891.25
14.2 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
14.3 Lattice C/A Ratio
16 Mechanical
16.1 Density
16.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.00 g/cm310.28 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
16.4.4 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.50 g/cm39.33 g/cm3
0.512
20
16.5 Tensile Strength
800.00 MPa324.00 MPa
2.5
11000
16.7 Viscosity
16.8 Vapor Pressure
16.8.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
16.9.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.23 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
16.10 Elasticity properties
16.10.1 Shear Modulus
47.00 GPa126.00 GPa
1.3
222
17.1.1 Bulk Modulus
160.00 GPa230.00 GPa
1.6
462
17.3.1 Young's Modulus
128.00 GPa329.00 GPa
1.7
528
17.5 Poisson Ratio
17.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Weldable
18 Magnetic
18.1 Magnetic Characteristics
18.1.1 Specific Gravity
18.2.1 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
18.2.2 Permeability
18.3.1 Susceptibility
18.6 Electrical Properties
18.6.1 Electrical Property
Superconductor
Semiconductor
18.6.2 Resistivity
197.00 nΩ·m53.40 nΩ·m
0.18
961
18.8.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω0.19 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
19.1.2 Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol71.90 kJ/mol
0
222.8
20 Thermal
20.1 Specific Heat
0.49 J/(kg K)0.25 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
20.3 Molar Heat Capacity
24.89 J/mol·K24.06 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
20.5 Thermal Conductivity
30.70 W/m·K138.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
20.8 Critical Temperature
20.9 Thermal Expansion
8.40 µm/(m·K)4.80 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
20.11 Enthalpy
20.11.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
458.60 kJ/mol594.10 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
20.11.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
17.57 kJ/mol27.61 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
20.11.5 Enthalpy of Atomization
514.60 kJ/mol653.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
20.12 Standard Molar Entropy
28.90 J/mol.K28.70 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1