1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.8 Block
1.9 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.10 CAS Number
74405087440064
7429905
54386242
1.3 Space Group Name
1.4 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
- Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
3.2 Sources
Found in Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
3.3.2 Discovery
In Middle East (9000 BCE)
In 1735
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-6 %5 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
3.4.4 Abundance In Sun
~0.00007 %~0.0000009 %
1E-08
0.1
3.5.1 Abundance In Meteorites
1.2.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.6.2 Abundance In Oceans
2.2.4 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is use for coinage and bullion.
- Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
-
Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
3.2.1 Other Uses
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
3.3 Biological Properties
3.3.1 Toxicity
3.3.2 Present in Human Body
3.3.3 In Blood
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
4.1.1 In Bone
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
1,084.62 °C1,772.00 °C
27
3410
7.5 Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C3,827.00 °C
147
5660
7.8 Appearance
7.8.1 Physical State
7.8.2 Color
7.8.3 Luster
7.9 Hardness
7.9.1 Mohs Hardness
7.9.5 Brinell Hardness
235.00 MPa300.00 MPa
0.14
3490
7.9.10 Vickers Hardness
343.00 MPa400.00 MPa
121
3430
7.11 Speed of Sound
3,810.00 m/s2,800.00 m/s
818
16200
8.4 Optical Properties
8.4.1 Refractive Index
8.4.4 Reflectivity
10.2 Allotropes
10.2.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.2.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.2.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
11 Chemical
11.1 Chemical Formula
11.2 Isotopes
11.2.1 Known Isotopes
11.4 Electronegativity
11.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
12.2.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
12.4.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
13.1.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
13.1.4 Allen Electronegativity
13.4 Electropositivity
13.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
13.8 Ionization Energies
13.8.1 1st Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol870.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
13.9.3 2nd Energy Level
1,957.90 kJ/mol1,791.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
13.10.4 3rd Energy Level
3,555.00 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
14.2.3 4th Energy Level
5,536.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
14.2.6 5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
14.3.2 6th Energy Level
9,900.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
14.4.2 7th Energy level
13,400.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
14.4.5 8th Energy Level
16,000.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
14.5.3 9th Energy Level
19,200.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
14.5.7 10th Energy Level
22,400.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
15.2.2 11th Energy Level
25,600.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
15.2.5 12th Energy Level
35,600.00 kJ/molNA
22219
189368
15.3.3 13th Energy Level
38,700.00 kJ/molNA
26930
76015
15.4.4 14th Energy Level
42,000.00 kJ/molNA
29196
86450
15.5.3 15th Energy Level
46,700.00 kJ/molNA
41987
97510
15.5.5 16th Energy Level
50,200.00 kJ/molNA
47206
109480
15.5.8 17th Energy Level
53,700.00 kJ/molNA
52737
122200
15.5.10 18th Energy Level
61,100.00 kJ/molNA
58570
134810
15.5.13 19th Energy Level
64,702.00 kJ/molNA
64702
148700
15.5.16 20th Energy Level
163,700.00 kJ/molNA
80400
171200
15.5.19 21st Energy Level
174,100.00 kJ/molNA
87000
179100
15.5.22 22nd Energy Level
184,900.00 kJ/molNA
93400
184900
15.5.23 23rd Energy Level
198,800.00 kJ/molNA
98420
198800
15.5.25 24th Energy Level
15.6.3 25th Energy Level
15.6.5 26th Energy Level
15.7.3 27th Energy Level
15.7.5 28th Energy Level
15.7.9 29th Energy Level
15.7.13 30th Energy Level
15.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.19 g/amp-hr1.82 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
15.11 Electron Work Function
16.2 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
17 Atomic
17.1 Atomic Number
17.5 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s1
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
17.6 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
17.6.1 Crystal Lattice
17.7 Atom
17.7.1 Number of Protons
17.8.4 Number of Neutrons
17.9.2 Number of Electrons
17.13 Radius of an Atom
17.13.1 Atomic Radius
128.00 pm139.00 pm
112
265
17.14.3 Covalent Radius
132.00 pm136.00 pm
96
260
18.1.3 Van der Waals Radius
140.00 pm175.00 pm
139
348
18.3 Atomic Weight
63.55 amu47.87 amu
6.94
294
19.2 Atomic Volume
7.10 cm3/mol9.09 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
19.7 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
19.7.1 Previous Element
19.7.2 Next Element
19.8 Valence Electron Potential
34.00 (-eV)392.42 (-eV)
8
392.42
19.9 Lattice Constant
361.49 pm392.42 pm
228.58
891.25
19.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
19.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
21 Mechanical
21.1 Density
21.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
8.96 g/cm321.45 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
21.3.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.02 g/cm319.77 g/cm3
0.512
20
21.5 Tensile Strength
22.2 Viscosity
22.5 Vapor Pressure
22.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
23.2.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
23.4 Elasticity properties
23.4.1 Shear Modulus
48.00 GPa61.00 GPa
1.3
222
23.8.2 Bulk Modulus
140.00 GPa230.00 GPa
1.6
462
23.10.2 Young's Modulus
120.00 GPa168.00 GPa
1.7
528
23.11 Poisson Ratio
23.12 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
24 Magnetic
24.1 Magnetic Characteristics
24.1.1 Specific Gravity
25.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
25.1.3 Permeability
1.256629 * 10-6 H/m0.00 H/m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
25.1.7 Susceptibility
-9.63 * 10-6NA
-0.000166
200000
25.2 Electrical Properties
25.2.1 Electrical Property
25.2.2 Resistivity
16.78 nΩ·m105.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
25.4.2 Electrical Conductivity
0.60 106/cm Ω0.10 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
26.1.1 Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol205.30 kJ/mol
0
222.8
27 Thermal
27.1 Specific Heat
0.38 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
28.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.44 J/mol·K25.86 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
28.5 Thermal Conductivity
401.00 W/m·K71.60 W/m·K
6.3
429
28.10 Critical Temperature
28.11 Thermal Expansion
16.50 µm/(m·K)8.80 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
28.12 Enthalpy
28.12.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
283.70 kJ/mol510.50 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
28.12.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
7.11 kJ/mol19.70 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
28.14.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
338.90 kJ/mol565.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
28.15 Standard Molar Entropy
33.20 J/mol.K41.60 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1