1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
2.8 Block
2.9 Element Family
Lanthanide
Alkaline Earth
2.10 CAS Number
74401227439954
7429905
54386242
2.13 Space Group Name
2.14 Space Group Number
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
- Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
- Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
- Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
- Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
4.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe
Joseph Black
4.3.2 Discovery
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4.4.4 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.07 %
1E-08
0.1
4.4.7 Abundance In Meteorites
4.4.10 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.2.2 Abundance In Oceans
3.1.1 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
- Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
- Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
-
It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
4.1.3 Other Uses
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-337.80 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
5.6.1 In Bone
NA1,800.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
1,042.00 °C650.00 °C
27
3410
6.4 Boiling Point
3,000.00 °C1,107.00 °C
147
5660
6.7 Appearance
6.7.1 Physical State
6.7.2 Color
6.7.3 Luster
6.8 Hardness
6.8.1 Mohs Hardness
7.4.2 Brinell Hardness
7.4.4 Vickers Hardness
7.6 Speed of Sound
7.8 Optical Properties
7.8.1 Refractive Index
7.9.1 Reflectivity
7.10 Allotropes
7.10.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.10.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.10.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.4 Electronegativity
9.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
9.4.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
10.2.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
10.2.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
11.3.3 Allen Electronegativity
11.4 Electropositivity
11.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
11.5 Ionization Energies
11.5.1 1st Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol737.70 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
11.5.4 2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol1,450.70 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
11.5.5 3rd Energy Level
2,150.00 kJ/mol7,732.70 kJ/mol
1600
34230
12.1.2 4th Energy Level
3,970.00 kJ/mol10,542.50 kJ/mol
2780
37066
12.1.4 5th Energy Level
NA13,630.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
12.2.1 6th Energy Level
NA18,020.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
12.2.4 7th Energy level
NA21,711.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
12.2.5 8th Energy Level
NA25,661.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
12.3.3 9th Energy Level
NA31,653.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
12.6.2 10th Energy Level
NA35,458.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
12.7.2 11th Energy Level
NA169,988.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
12.8.2 12th Energy Level
NA189,368.00 kJ/mol
22219
189368
12.8.5 13th Energy Level
12.8.6 14th Energy Level
12.8.10 15th Energy Level
12.8.12 16th Energy Level
12.8.14 17th Energy Level
12.9.1 18th Energy Level
12.9.4 19th Energy Level
12.9.5 20th Energy Level
12.9.7 21st Energy Level
12.10.3 22nd Energy Level
12.10.4 23rd Energy Level
12.10.7 24th Energy Level
12.10.9 25th Energy Level
13.2.3 26th Energy Level
13.2.4 27th Energy Level
13.2.6 28th Energy Level
13.2.8 29th Energy Level
13.3.2 30th Energy Level
13.4 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.80 g/amp-hr0.45 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
13.5 Electron Work Function
13.6 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility
14 Atomic
14.1 Atomic Number
14.2 Electron Configuration
14.3 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
14.3.1 Crystal Lattice
14.4 Atom
14.4.1 Number of Protons
14.4.5 Number of Neutrons
14.4.9 Number of Electrons
14.5 Radius of an Atom
14.5.1 Atomic Radius
183.00 pm160.00 pm
112
265
14.5.4 Covalent Radius
199.00 pm141.00 pm
96
260
14.5.7 Van der Waals Radius
236.00 pm173.00 pm
139
348
14.6 Atomic Weight
145.00 amu24.31 amu
6.94
294
14.7 Atomic Volume
22.39 cm3/mol13.97 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
14.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.9.1 Previous Element
14.9.2 Next Element
14.10 Valence Electron Potential
44.10 (-eV)40.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.12 Lattice Constant
NA320.94 pm
228.58
891.25
14.13 Lattice Angles
14.14 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.26 g/cm31.74 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.1.4 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.2 Tensile Strength
15.3 Viscosity
15.4 Vapor Pressure
15.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
15.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
15.6 Elasticity properties
15.6.1 Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa17.00 GPa
1.3
222
15.7.3 Bulk Modulus
33.00 GPa45.00 GPa
1.6
462
16.1.3 Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa45.00 GPa
1.7
528
16.5 Poisson Ratio
16.6 Other Mechanical Properties
17 Magnetic
17.1 Magnetic Characteristics
17.1.1 Specific Gravity
17.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
17.1.3 Permeability
17.1.7 Susceptibility
17.2 Electrical Properties
17.2.1 Electrical Property
17.2.2 Resistivity
0.75 nΩ·m43.90 nΩ·m
0.18
961
17.3.5 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.23 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
17.4.3 Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol
0
222.8
18 Thermal
18.1 Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)1.02 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
19.3 Molar Heat Capacity
NA24.87 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
19.7 Thermal Conductivity
17.90 W/m·K156.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
19.10 Critical Temperature
19.12 Thermal Expansion
9.00 µm/(m·K)24.80 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
19.16 Enthalpy
19.16.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA128.70 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
20.1.4 Enthalpy of Fusion
7.50 kJ/mol8.95 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
20.2.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
310.00 kJ/mol148.50 kJ/mol
61.5
837
20.5 Standard Molar Entropy
NA32.70 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1