1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.2 Period Number
2.4 Block
2.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
2.6 CAS Number
74402247440393
7429905
54386242
2.9 Space Group Name
2.10 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- It is the most reflective element.
- Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
- It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
- Barium oxidizes very easily in the air.
- All toxic compounds of Barium can easily dissolve in water.
- Barium carbonate is used to produce a Rat poison and its other compound Barium nitrate is used in fireworks to produce green color.
3.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Unknown
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %1 * 10-6 %
5E-09
0.11
3.4.5 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~0.000001 %
1E-08
0.1
3.5.2 Abundance In Meteorites
3.6.5 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.2.4 Abundance In Oceans
4.3.3 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
- It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
- It is sued in chemical paint manufacturing and glass manufacturing.
-
Compounds of this metal are toxic; but still the barium sulfate is insoluble and given to patients suffering from digestive disorder.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry
Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
5.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.07 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
1.3.3 In Bone
0.44 p.p.m.70.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
3 Physical
3.1 Melting Point
961.93 °C725.00 °C
27
3410
3.7 Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C1,140.00 °C
147
5660
3.12 Appearance
3.12.1 Physical State
3.12.3 Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray
3.12.4 Luster
3.13 Hardness
3.13.1 Mohs Hardness
4.5.6 Brinell Hardness
4.6.4 Vickers Hardness
4.7 Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s1,620.00 m/s
818
16200
4.8 Optical Properties
4.8.1 Refractive Index
4.10.3 Reflectivity
1.3 Allotropes
1.3.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
1.3.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
1.3.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
2 Chemical
2.1 Chemical Formula
2.3 Isotopes
2.3.1 Known Isotopes
3.6 Electronegativity
3.6.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.3.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
5.11.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
6.1.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.5.2 Allen Electronegativity
8.6 Electropositivity
8.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.9 Ionization Energies
8.9.1 1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol502.90 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.11.4 2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol965.20 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.13.1 3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol3,600.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
8.15.2 4th Energy Level
10.1.1 5th Energy Level
11.3.4 6th Energy Level
11.4.2 7th Energy level
12.3.2 8th Energy Level
14.2.1 9th Energy Level
14.4.1 10th Energy Level
15.3.3 11th Energy Level
15.8.2 12th Energy Level
15.12.1 13th Energy Level
15.13.2 14th Energy Level
15.15.2 15th Energy Level
16.1.4 16th Energy Level
18.2.3 17th Energy Level
18.2.6 18th Energy Level
19.3.3 19th Energy Level
20.3.2 20th Energy Level
20.3.6 21st Energy Level
20.5.5 22nd Energy Level
20.7.2 23rd Energy Level
20.7.6 24th Energy Level
20.8.3 25th Energy Level
20.9.1 26th Energy Level
20.10.4 27th Energy Level
21.1.1 28th Energy Level
21.4.3 29th Energy Level
21.6.2 30th Energy Level
21.9 Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr2.56 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
21.13 Electron Work Function
22.3 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
23 Atomic
23.1 Atomic Number
23.3 Electron Configuration
23.4 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
23.4.1 Crystal Lattice
23.5 Atom
23.5.1 Number of Protons
23.8.1 Number of Neutrons
23.9.4 Number of Electrons
23.11 Radius of an Atom
23.11.1 Atomic Radius
144.00 pm222.00 pm
112
265
23.12.3 Covalent Radius
145.00 pm215.00 pm
96
260
23.12.8 Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm268.00 pm
139
348
23.13 Atomic Weight
107.87 amu137.33 amu
6.94
294
23.16 Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol39.24 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
24.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
24.2.1 Previous Element
24.2.2 Next Element
24.3 Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)21.30 (-eV)
8
392.42
25.2 Lattice Constant
408.53 pm502.80 pm
228.58
891.25
25.6 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
25.7 Lattice C/A Ratio
26 Mechanical
26.1 Density
26.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm33.51 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
26.1.7 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm33.34 g/cm3
0.512
20
26.2 Tensile Strength
27.2 Viscosity
27.3 Vapor Pressure
27.3.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)7.11 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
27.4.5 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
27.8 Elasticity properties
27.8.1 Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa4.90 GPa
1.3
222
27.11.1 Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa9.60 GPa
1.6
462
28.1.1 Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa13.00 GPa
1.7
528
28.7 Poisson Ratio
29.2 Other Mechanical Properties
30 Magnetic
30.1 Magnetic Characteristics
30.1.1 Specific Gravity
30.2.1 Magnetic Ordering
30.2.2 Permeability
30.4.1 Susceptibility
30.7 Electrical Properties
30.7.1 Electrical Property
30.8.1 Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m332.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
31.2.2 Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω0.03 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
31.7.1 Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol13.95 kJ/mol
0
222.8
32 Thermal
32.1 Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)0.20 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
32.3 Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K28.07 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
32.7 Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K18.40 W/m·K
6.3
429
32.9 Critical Temperature
33.2 Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)20.60 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
33.5 Enthalpy
33.5.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol140.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
34.2.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol7.66 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
34.5.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol175.70 kJ/mol
61.5
837
34.7 Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K62.50 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1